Sustainable Chemicals and Fuels From The Biorefining of Waste Leaves

This book is about converting waste leaves to biochemicals and biofuels that can replace petroleum products. With appropriate catalysts and solvents, waste leaves can be converted to compounds such as furfural, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, furan methanol, methyl furfural, fatty acids, fatty acid alkyl esters, and phthalic acid esters. Also, a lot of essential compounds like; eugenol, phytol, stigmasterol, alpha farnesene, squalene, spathulenol, isopentanol, nonadecane and many more can be produced from waste leaves. The book explains how Furfural, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, and furanmethanol can be converted into chemicals and fuels usually obtained from petroleum. It also describes the conversion of fatty acids to biodiesel, deoxygenated fuels, pharmaceutical chemicals, cosmetics and other products. It highlights the applications of essential oil compounds manufactured from waste leaves. This book is a very useful guide for lecturers and students of chemicals engineering, industrial science, chemistry and petroleum engineering. It comprises seven chapters and an exercise at the end of each chapter.