Romantic Movement in Germany

The history, both political and intellectual, of Europe, but especially in the German-speaking lands, will be fundamental to consideration of the pre-Romantic and Romantic impulses that dominated the period 1770-1830. The Romantic Period in Germany is investigated in terms of the historical and social background (its context, centres and legacy), aspects of the Romantic imagination (concepts of truth, creativity, transcendence, liberty and redemption), dominating personalities of immense influence (Goethe, Schiller, Beethoven), the great literary collections of folktale and folksong (the Grimm Brothers, Arnim and Brentano), the novel (Novalis, Tieck, Hoffmann, Eichendorff, Fouqué), the lyric (Uhland, Heine), the drama ( Werner), the visual arts (Runge, Overbeck, Friedrich, Wackenroder, F. Schlegel), the music (esp. song and opera, Schubert, Weber). The wider legacy is also explored in the enduring influence of literary ideas on music throughout the nineteenth and into the twentieth centuries (Wagner, Humperdinck, Mahler, Richard Strauss). The centrepiece of the whole exercise is the Romantic opera Der Freischütz (1821). Using a folk tale from a popular collection of ghost stories, the poet Friedrich Kind produced a libretto that touched the very heart of the age, and inspired the composer Carl Maria von Weber to produce his masterly score that seemed to distil the every essence of Romanticism, and serves as an appropriate icon for the whole movement.