Illegal fundraising

It is with great pleasure that I share my doctoral thesis, the subject of which is still very little explored in academic circles, despite the importance of the debate in order to achieve, after an electoral dispute, an essentially democratic result, where the voter can express their intention at the ballot box free from any act of electoral corruption, no longer being a "puppet" in the hands of politicians, and, consequently, not vote for a certain person just because they received some kind of eminently personal benefit. The punishment of illegal vote-taking aims, above all, to ensure a conscious democracy, thereby respecting the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.