Plant Life in Damietta Branch of River Nile in Egypt

Water gives life to all countries as rainfall, surface water (rivers, lakes, streams,etc.) and/or underground water. 'Egypt is the Gift of the Nile' said Herodotus (484-425 BC) as its water gives Egypt a fertility that made possible not only the development of the famed ancient agricultural civilization but also the growth of this civilization in peace and stability. The River Nile extends from Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania to the shore of the Mediterranean Sea in Egypt for a length of about 6625 km. Damietta branch; one of the two main branches of the River Nile; passes to Five Governorates of length about 242km with an average width of 200m and depth varying between 12 and 20m. It has a great vital importance, since it serves as a source of water for municipal, industrial, agricultural and navigation. This book presents types of waste waters usually drain into Damietta Branch and successive changes of the vegetation along the Damietta Branch of the River Nile. The variations in sediment and water factors and ascertain the degree of correlation between these variables to determine the factors controlling the distribution and abundance of the plant communities in the Damietta branch.