Enhanced Protocols for Non Visual Navigation of Smartphone Application

In today's phone industry, a bigger share belongs to smart phones that require visual navigation which apparently rules out access by visually impaired persons. The phones are equipped with touch based screens which are installed with randomly arranged application icons that impose difficulties to visually impaired users intending items. Millions of visually impaired persons have been put at crossroads of being segregated from the rest of the society while trying to access services that their counterparts do using smart phones. The purpose of the book was to develop enhanced protocols for non-visual navigation of smart phone applications screen icons. Identifying methods and technologies for designing and developing navigational protocols were the major questions that guided the research. The inappropriate smartphone navigational protocols in relation to non-visual users, necessitate the development of improved and suitable protocols based on technical, social and economic criteria. Design research approaches including Architectural Trade of Analysis method (ATAM) and prototyping with module based development.