Recent Studies on Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are a heterogeneous groups of diseases that occur as a results of loss of tolerance to self-antigens. Autoimmune thyroid diseases signify the most standard autoimmune disorder around the world and has Graves's disease (GD) Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Graves's disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by goitre, hyperthyroidism and/or Graves' orbitopathy (GO). The hyperthyroidism is caused by thyroid hypertrophy and stimulation of function, resulting from anti-TSHR antibodies. Autoimmune Thyroid disease, a chronic illness, affects nearly 200 million people worldwide and is more common among women than in men. Many women with thyroid disease are misdiagnosed or struggle with symptoms even once during receiving treatment. The immunomodulation of both T cells and B cells can assist to get reduction in incidence of autoimmune diseases. Future research will focus on the genetic versions of AITD susceptibility essential for the improvement of new specific and preventive therapies of environmental causes which includes infection, non-genetic factors, genetic factor, iodine, stress, sex and smoking.