Role of Surface Macromolecules on Bacterial Adhesion to Sand

The functions of bacterial surface Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on bacterial adhesion to quartz sand surfaces were examined using techniques such as packed-column experiment, Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D), potentiometric titration,zeta potential etc.. In addition,the transport and adhesion of Total Coliform, Escherichia coli and Enterococci under different climatic conditions at Bradford Beach,Milwaukee was explored.